Here are some basic commands in ESC/POS language for thermal printers:
Initialize Printer
- Hexadecimal: 1B 40
- ASCII: ESC @
Print Text
- Hexadecimal: 1B 74 [n] [text]
- ASCII: ESC t [n] [text]
Description:
n = 0 (left justification), 1 (centered), 2 (right justification)
text = text to be printed
Print Barcodes
Code 39
- Hexadecimal: 1D 6B 45 [data] 00
- ASCII: G S k E [data] NUL
Description:
data = text to be converted into a barcode
QR Code
- Hexadecimal: 1D 28 6B 04 00 31 41 [len] [data]
- ASCII: GS ( k 04 00 31 41 [len] [data]
Description:
len = data length
data = data to be converted into a QR code
Cut Paper
- Hexadecimal: 1D 56 41 [n]
- ASCII: GS VA [n]
Description:
n = 0 (partial cut), 1 (full cut)
Font Set
- Hexadecimal: 1B 4D [n]
- ASCII: ESC M [n]
Description:
n = 0 (standard font), 1 (small font)
Emphasis Set
- Hexadecimal: 1B 45 [n]
- ASCII: ESC E [n]
Description:
n = 0 (off), 1 (on)
Set Underline
- Hexadecimal: 1B 2D [n]
- ASCII: ESC - [n]
Description:
n = 0 (off), 1 (on), 2 (double underline)
Set Alignment
- Hexadecimal: 1B 61 [n]
- ASCII: ESC a [n]
Description:
n = 0 (left), 1 (center), 2 (right)
Set Line Spacing
- Hexadecimal: 1B 33 [n]
- ASCII: ESC 3 [n]
Description:
n = 0-255 (row spacing in dots)
Project Example
Commands.java
package io.github.escposjava.print;
public class Commands {
// Feed control sequences
public static final byte[] CTL_LF = {0x0a}; // Print and line feed
// Beeper
public static final byte[] BEEPER = {0x1b,0x42,0x05,0x09}; // Beeps 5 times for 9*50ms each time
// Line Spacing
public static final byte[] LINE_SPACE_24 = {0x1b,0x33,24}; // Set the line spacing at 24
public static final byte[] LINE_SPACE_30 = {0x1b,0x33,30}; // Set the line spacing at 30
//Image
public static final byte[] SELECT_BIT_IMAGE_MODE = {0x1B, 0x2A, 33};
// Printer hardware
public static final byte[] HW_INIT = {0x1b,0x40}; // Clear data in buffer and reset modes
// Cash Drawer
public static final byte[] CD_KICK_2 = {0x1b,0x70,0x00}; // Sends a pulse to pin 2 []
public static final byte[] CD_KICK_5 = {0x1b,0x70,0x01}; // Sends a pulse to pin 5 []
// Paper
public static final byte[] PAPER_FULL_CUT = {0x1d,0x56,0x00}; // Full cut paper
public static final byte[] PAPER_PART_CUT = {0x1d,0x56,0x01}; // Partial cut paper
// Text format
public static final byte[] TXT_NORMAL = {0x1b,0x21,0x00}; // Normal text
public static final byte[] TXT_2HEIGHT = {0x1b,0x21,0x10}; // Double height text
public static final byte[] TXT_2WIDTH = {0x1b,0x21,0x20}; // Double width text
public static final byte[] TXT_4SQUARE = {0x1b,0x21,0x30}; // Quad area text
public static final byte[] TXT_UNDERL_OFF = {0x1b,0x2d,0x00}; // Underline font OFF
public static final byte[] TXT_UNDERL_ON = {0x1b,0x2d,0x01}; // Underline font 1-dot ON
public static final byte[] TXT_UNDERL2_ON = {0x1b,0x2d,0x02}; // Underline font 2-dot ON
public static final byte[] TXT_BOLD_OFF = {0x1b,0x45,0x00}; // Bold font OFF
public static final byte[] TXT_BOLD_ON = {0x1b,0x45,0x01}; // Bold font ON
public static final byte[] TXT_FONT_A = {0x1b,0x4d,0x48}; // Font type A
public static final byte[] TXT_FONT_B = {0x1b,0x4d,0x01};// Font type B
public static final byte[] TXT_ALIGN_LT = {0x1b,0x61,0x00}; // Left justification
public static final byte[] TXT_ALIGN_CT = {0x1b,0x61,0x01}; // Centering
public static final byte[] TXT_ALIGN_RT = {0x1b,0x61,0x02}; // Right justification
// Char code table
public static final byte[] CHARCODE_PC437 = {0x1b,0x74,0x00}; // USA){ Standard Europe
public static final byte[] CHARCODE_JIS = {0x1b,0x74,0x01}; // Japanese Katakana
public static final byte[] CHARCODE_PC850 = {0x1b,0x74,0x02}; // Multilingual
public static final byte[] CHARCODE_PC860 = {0x1b,0x74,0x03}; // Portuguese
public static final byte[] CHARCODE_PC863 = {0x1b,0x74,0x04}; // Canadian-French
public static final byte[] CHARCODE_PC865 = {0x1b,0x74,0x05}; // Nordic
public static final byte[] CHARCODE_WEU = {0x1b,0x74,0x06}; // Simplified Kanji, Hirakana
public static final byte[] CHARCODE_GREEK = {0x1b,0x74,0x07}; // Simplified Kanji
public static final byte[] CHARCODE_HEBREW = {0x1b,0x74,0x08}; // Simplified Kanji
public static final byte[] CHARCODE_PC1252 = {0x1b,0x74,0x10}; // Western European Windows Code Set
public static final byte[] CHARCODE_PC866 = {0x1b,0x74,0x12}; // Cirillic //2
public static final byte[] CHARCODE_PC852 = {0x1b,0x74,0x13}; // Latin 2
public static final byte[] CHARCODE_PC858 = {0x1b,0x74,0x14}; // Euro
public static final byte[] CHARCODE_THAI42 = {0x1b,0x74,0x15}; // Thai character code 42
public static final byte[] CHARCODE_THAI11 = {0x1b,0x74,0x16}; // Thai character code 11
public static final byte[] CHARCODE_THAI13 = {0x1b,0x74,0x17}; // Thai character code 13
public static final byte[] CHARCODE_THAI14 = {0x1b,0x74,0x18}; // Thai character code 14
public static final byte[] CHARCODE_THAI16 = {0x1b,0x74,0x19}; // Thai character code 16
public static final byte[] CHARCODE_THAI17 = {0x1b,0x74,0x1a}; // Thai character code 17
public static final byte[] CHARCODE_THAI18 = {0x1b,0x74,0x1b}; // Thai character code 18
// Barcode format
public static final byte[] BARCODE_TXT_OFF = {0x1d,0x48,0x00}; // HRI printBarcode chars OFF
public static final byte[] BARCODE_TXT_ABV = {0x1d,0x48,0x01}; // HRI printBarcode chars above
public static final byte[] BARCODE_TXT_BLW = {0x1d,0x48,0x02}; // HRI printBarcode chars below
public static final byte[] BARCODE_TXT_BTH = {0x1d,0x48,0x03}; // HRI printBarcode chars both above and below
public static final byte[] BARCODE_FONT_A = {0x1d,0x66,0x00}; // Font type A for HRI printBarcode chars
public static final byte[] BARCODE_FONT_B = {0x1d,0x66,0x01}; // Font type B for HRI printBarcode chars
public static final byte[] BARCODE_HEIGHT = {0x1d,0x68,0x64}; // Barcode Height [1-255]
public static final byte[] BARCODE_WIDTH = {0x1d,0x77,0x03}; // Barcode Width [2-6]
public static final byte[] BARCODE_UPC_A = {0x1d,0x6b,0x00}; // Barcode type UPC-A
public static final byte[] BARCODE_UPC_E = {0x1d,0x6b,0x01}; // Barcode type UPC-E
public static final byte[] BARCODE_EAN13 = {0x1d,0x6b,0x02}; // Barcode type EAN13
public static final byte[] BARCODE_EAN8 = {0x1d,0x6b,0x03}; // Barcode type EAN8
public static final byte[] BARCODE_CODE39 = {0x1d,0x6b,0x04}; // Barcode type CODE39
public static final byte[] BARCODE_ITF = {0x1d,0x6b,0x05}; // Barcode type ITF
public static final byte[] BARCODE_NW7 = {0x1d,0x6b,0x06}; // Barcode type NW7
// Printing Density
public static final byte[] PD_N50 = {0x1d,0x7c,0x00}; // Printing Density -50%
public static final byte[] PD_N37 = {0x1d,0x7c,0x01}; // Printing Density -37.5%
public static final byte[] PD_N25 = {0x1d,0x7c,0x02}; // Printing Density -25%
public static final byte[] PD_N12 = {0x1d,0x7c,0x03}; // Printing Density -12.5%
public static final byte[] PD_0 = {0x1d,0x7c,0x04}; // Printing Density 0%
public static final byte[] PD_P50 = {0x1d,0x7c,0x08}; // Printing Density +50%
public static final byte[] PD_P37 = {0x1d,0x7c,0x07}; // Printing Density +37.5%
public static final byte[] PD_P25 = {0x1d,0x7c,0x06}; // Printing Density +25%
public static final byte[] PD_P12 = {0x1d,0x7c,0x05}; // Printing Density +12.5%
// private constructor, not to be instatiated
private Commands(){}
}Reference
https://github.com/imrankst1221/Thermal-Printer-in-Android
https://github.com/yefengjie/BtPrinter/blob/master/app/src/main/java/com/yefeng/night/btprinter/print/PrintPic.java
https://www.programmersought.com/article/37461573027/