1. Introduction
At this time, many companies still promote their business through written media, still relying on announcements distributed on the side of the road or posted in public places.
The competition in the music and video recording industry in the country is increasing. This makes some business people think creatively to promote their business, such as promoting their studio profile through video media, using camera tracking techniques in it, because this technique is considered capable of making video campaigns more interesting.
1.a. Problem Formulation
Based on the background of the problem that has been described, the author formulates the problem as follows
- How to create and apply 3D camera tracking techniques in making photography video tutorials?
- How to explain the basics of photography using 3D camera tracking techniques?
- What tools are needed to make this photography video tutorial?
1.b. Definition of Camera Tracking
Camera Tracking is the process of capturing a moving object or (multiple objects) over time using a camera. This technique has a variety of uses, some of which are: Human-computer interaction, security and surveillance, video communications, traffic control, medical imaging and video editing. Video can be a time-consuming process due to the amount of data contained in the video. Adding further to the complexity of the object is the possible need to use object recognition techniques for tracking.
1.c. Understanding 3D
3D stands for three-dimensional. It means that everything that has width, height, and depth is three-dimensional. If you look around the room, everything you see is three-dimensional and can be seen from any side, chairs, tables, buildings, yards, animals, everything.
1.d. Understanding Digital Cameras
A digital camera is a camera that records images digitally. Digital cameras are widely used in family photo albums and dermatologists.
1.e. Definition of Camcorder
A camcorder is a portable electronic recording device that has live-motion video and audio capabilities for playback on a Video Cassette Recorder (VCR), TV, or multimedia computer.
1.f. Understanding Tracking
Tracking is the movement of the camera following a character in the frame, for example a person walking, a running animal, a moving vehicle, a bird or a flying plane.
Camera tracking movements usually use a tool called a dolly (a tool used as a camera tripod support and moves on rails) or can be hand-held with the help of a stabilizer (steadycam).
There are two terms in camera tracking, track in and track out. It is called track in if the camera movement pulls back, and track out if the camera moves forward approaching the object of the image recording.
1.g. Definition of Angle on
Angle on is used to emphasize a particular object in a shot by using a camera angle that is from the previous shot.
1.h. Definition of Close on
A strong shot that shows a close-up of a particular object, action, or person (usually an expressive body part such as the face, or head).
1.i. Definition of Insert on
Used when an object (person) is closeup at a certain moment in the film. It can use insert shot. This depicts a shot of some important details in a scene where the camera must pay full attention to an event.
1.j. Definition of Long Shot
Sometimes referred to as a full shot or wide shot, it usually shows the entire object or human figure and is usually included to place it in some relation to its environment.
1.k. Understanding Macro
It is an extreme closeup camera shot that reveals very fine details that cannot be seen with the naked eye.
1.l. Understanding PAN/Tilt on
PAN to is the action of rotating the camera with a vertical rotation axis. While Tilt to is the action of rotating with a horizontal axis.
1.m. Understanding POV
Short for Point Of View. The camera replaces the eyes (sometimes ears) of characters, monsters, machines, surveillance cameras, etc. As a result, we are able to see the world through the sensory apparatus of some creature. This can be used to bring out the personal aspects of a scene, or it can be used to build horror and suspense.
1.n. Definition of Push/dolly on
The camera movement is pushed towards the action subtly to show something that is considered important or meaningful or to show subtext. The opposite of push in is pull out, which is the movement of the camera being pulled back away from the action.
1.o. Definition of Reverse angle
Often used to express things for comic or dramatic effect. Can be described as a counter POV shot.
2. Production Techniques
The production stage starts from filming/video shooting, editing, then publication. Or often called pre-production, production, and post-production.
2.a. Pre-Production
pre-production is all activities related to preparation before production. This stage usually takes a very long time, sometimes even taking up 75% of the total production time resources.
2.b. Story Board
A storyboard is a sketch of images arranged according to a script. With a storyboard, we can convey our story ideas to others more easily. Because, we can accompany someone's imagination by following the images presented, thus producing the same perception of our story ideas.
2.c. Location Selection / Location Hunting
Selecting and searching for a location/setting for shooting according to the script. Shooting in public places usually requires a specific permit. It will be very disruptive to the shooting process if you are suddenly kicked out in the middle of shooting because you do not have a permit. In location hunting, various risks need to be considered, such as accommodation, transportation, security during shooting, availability of electricity sources, etc. The setting that has been determined by the scenario must be truly feasible and not difficult during production. If the production costs are small, then there is no need for a place that is far away and costs a lot of money.
2.d. Tools used
To get good film/video results, complete and quality equipment is needed. The equipment needed (in minimalist films) includes: Clipboard, Projector, Lights, Roll Cable, TV Monitor, S-VHS or Handycam video camera, Tape, Wireless clip-on microphone, Camera Tripod, Light Tripod.
2.e. 3D
Computer animation is an art to create moving images using a computer. Of course this requires quite sophisticated computer technology. The computer graphics application used is computer generated imagery (CGI). Some popular CGI software include Art of Illusion, Maya, Blender, and others.
Other supporting software is:
3D Studio Max 7.0. 3D Studio Max is a graphics software that combines Graphic Vector with Raster Image, to produce Virtual Reality design results or close to the actual state.
Adobe After Effects 7.0. Adobe After Effects 7.0 is used to create various effects on an animation. Adobe Premiere Pro 2.0
Adobe Premiere Pro 2.0. is the latest series of Adobe Premiere. Adobe Premiere Pro 2.0 is a very popular program in the world of film editing. Created by a famous software company, Adobe. Adobe Premiere Pro 2.0 is made for film editing and also for creating digital video animations.
Adobe Photoshop 9.0. Very popular Image Editing Software. Made with complete features to produce more reliable Image work.
2.f. Production
Production is the most decisive process in the success of a film creation. The process, which is commonly called shooting, is led by a director, the person most responsible for this process. People involved in this process include a cameraman or DOP (Director of Photography) who regulates the light, color, and records the image. Artists who regulate the set, make up, wardrobe and so on. And Soundman who records the sound. This stage is where almost the entire team work begins to work. A director, producer or line producer is highly demanded to be reliable in dealing with the crew at each stage.
2.g. Camera Angel Selection
Various types of angel selection that apply generally in camera use:
eye level, is a neutral shooting angle or angle so it is also called Normal angel. at this angle the height of the camera when shooting must be straight parallel to the subject/object being shot. when photographing a person, the part of the body that is used as a benchmark to align the camera beam with the subject is the position of the head, more precisely falling in the eye area.
the bird's-eye view, taken with this angel position will show the angle of shooting from a height. meaning it is done from a high place, for example like a photo that shows the entire contents of the city, (tall buildings, busy vehicles, activities on the street).
high angel, this angel has the same angel character as the bird's-eye view above, namely photographing objects from a height, only this angel is not as extreme as the bird's-eye view. if used to photograph a person, the height of the camera's spotlight must be higher than the position of the person's head. so that the position of the head will appear larger and rounder and the size of the body will appear smaller to the feet like a taper.
low angle, is the opposite of high angle, which is a low shooting angle and if used to photograph a person, the height of the camera beam must be lower than the person's head. the results of using this angle are also the opposite of the high angle results, which are enlarged in the legs and reduced in the body to the head.
frog eye angel, this angel has the same angel character as low angel, which is a low shooting angle, only the low level is more extreme where the camera almost touches the ground. so when using this angel sometimes the photographer has to lie down when shooting.
canted angle, also called oblique angle, is the selection of a shooting angle that is deliberately tilted. This angle is usually used to produce unique photos.
2.i. Taking Pictures
Commonly used shooting techniques (type of shoot) that are very important to know:
extreme long shoot, also known as extra long shoot or very long shoot, a shooting technique that covers a wide area with the intention of including the object and conditions around the main subject into the frame. This technique is for creative pre-wedding photos that use a wide area.
long shoot, in this technique the shot is taken using only a sufficient/fitting area to show the entire body of the subject without being cut off by the frame. This technique only highlights and prioritizes the main subject and is intended to highlight the subject with its expression and interaction without any body parts being cut off.
medium long shoot, this technique has the same purpose as the long shoot technique. It's just that in this technique the shooting limit starts from below the knee to the top of the head. The space taken is certainly narrower than the long shoot technique.
medium shoot, in this technique the shooting area is slightly narrower than the medium long shoot technique above, starting from the waist to the top of the head. This technique aims to highlight more details of the body language of the subject's expression.
close Up, the close up shooting technique takes a much narrower area, namely the limit slightly below the shoulder to the head. The aim is to tell in detail the expression and facial expressions of a person. Therefore, the close up shooting technique is often used to photograph people who are smiling, crying, contemplating, and the current trend is used to show wrinkles on a person's face to make it look more dramatic.
big close up, this shooting technique will take a narrower area than the standard close up technique. the area limit is slightly below the chin to above the forehead (head limit). basically the purpose of this technique is the same as the close up technique, only emphasizing to detail a person's expression and facial expressions.
extreme close up, this shooting technique only exposes certain parts of the face. generally this technique is used to display parts that are considered interesting on a person's face such as only showing the eyes, nose or lips.
2.j. Post-Production Stage
It is the stage of completing multimedia production into the final result. The Post Production stage is applied mainly in the field of multimedia broadcasting; television programs, video, audio recording, photography and animation.
Creating 3D Camera Tracking
This menu can be accessed in the tracker window on the bottom left of the Adobe After Effects application.
Editing Trim
At this stage is the process of editing live shoot images from the results of the shooting. The selected video will then be combined with the results of 3D camera tracking done in Adobe After Effects. This menu can be accessed by pressing the c key on the keyboard or by selecting the razor icon in the tool window.
This process can use the adobe dynamic link menu available in the file menu. This menu can be accessed through the file menu then select adobe dynamic link. In the image above the sequence from after effects is purple while the sequence from adobe premiere pro is blue.
Added color grading effects
This menu can be accessed in the effect window, then select magic bullet looks, then drag it to the desired timeline.
Final Rendering
After all the trimming and grading processes are completed, the next step is rendering. This process is the final stage of all the processes to produce a finished video that has gone through the editing process, color correction, and others.
This stage is the final process of all the video making series. And at the end of this stage will produce a finished video that is ready to be published. After the rendering process is complete, the photography tutorial video will be published via Youtube media with the hope that this video will have more viewers and can help photography lovers to understand the camera they have.
3. Conclusion
Based on the discussion outlined in the previous chapters, the author can draw the following conclusions:
- The creation of a photography tutorial video goes through 3 stages, namely pre-production, production, and post-production. The creation of the 3D camera tracking effect itself is done at the final stage of the production process. The application of 3D camera tracking to the photography tutorial video is in accordance with the storyline and scenes in the photography tutorial video and is carried out in several video scenes that have tracking points.
- The 3D camera tracking effect can help explain in understanding the definition of what the actor is explaining.
- The tools used in making this video are quite easy to get because we often encounter them every day.
4. References
- Introduction and Definition of Camera Tracking - Video Profile "Studio White House" Using Camera Tracking Technique. AMIKOM. Compiled by Reyan Saputra, Febriyan Harimurti and Fauzi Arsyad.
- Basic Techniques and Terms in Camera Tracking - APPLICATION OF 3D CAMERA TRACKING TECHNIQUES IN MAKING PHOTOGRAPHY TUTORIAL VIDEOS. AMIKOM Compiled by Lukman Khamdani, Dhani Ariatmanto.