Token Protocol was developed by IBM in the mid-1980s. The access method is through passing a token in a circle like a ring. In a token circle, computers are connected to each other like a ring.
Token passing ring LAN is a group of computers connected in a ring. The group uses a token passing access mechanism. A computer that wants to send data must first be granted permission. Once it gains control of the network, it can send frames. Each frame transmitted on the ring is transmitted from one computer to the next, eventually returning to the transmission initiator. Token Passing Ring networks were originally developed by IBM and are only more popular than Ethernet LANs. The IEEE 802.5 specification, which is modeled after IBM's Token Ring, is nearly identical and the term Token Ring is used to refer to both specifications.
A token signal moves around in a circle (ring) in a network and moves from one computer to the next. If during a stopover at one of the computers there is data that needs to be transmitted, the token will transport it to the place where the data is intended to be sent. The token continues to move to connect each computer.
Token Ring protocol requires a Star network model using twisted pair cable or fiber optic cable. And can perform transmission speeds of 4 Mbps or 16 Mbps. In line with the development of Ethernet, the use of Token Ring has decreased until now.